Prise en charge des tumeurs des cellules germinales du testicule de stade I–II : paradigme actuel de traitement et perspectives futures
Résumé
Le cancer du testicule est la tumeur solide la plus fréquente chez les hommes de 15 à 44 ans; on estime qu’en 2024 au Canada, 300 nouveaux cas auront été diagnostiqués. Plus de 90 % des cas de cancer du testicule sont des tumeurs des cellules germinales (TCG), provenant des précurseurs des spermatocytes, prennent naissance dans les testicules pour la plupart. Les facteurs de risque comprennent la cryptorchidie, la dysgénésie gonadique, les syndromes génétiques tels que le syndrome de Klinefelter, les antécédents familiaux, et possiblement, la consommation de cannabis.
Cet article fera une revue des stratégies de diagnostic et de prise en charge des TCG de stades cliniques I (SCI) et II (SCII) du testicule, fondées sur des preuves probantes et utilisées au Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM), en soulignant les pièges cliniques potentiels et les orientations futures.
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