Le rôle des biomarqueurs dans les cancers digestifs hauts
Résumé
Les cancers digestifs hauts incluent les cancers de l’œsophage, de la jonction gastro‑œsophagienne et de l’estomac. Ils représentent ensemble la deuxième cause de mortalité liée au cancer dans le monde chez l’homme et la femme, avec environ 1 100 000 de décès en 2022. La maladie est généralement diagnostiquée à un stade avancé et incurable, et le traitement par chimiothérapie conventionnelle est associé à un mauvais pronostic. Des progrès ont été réalisés dans le développement de nouvelles thérapies, notamment l’immunothérapie et les thérapies ciblées. L’identification de biomarqueurs a élargi les options de traitement et guide le choix du traitement. Cet article passera en revue la biologie moléculaire des cancers gastro-intestinaux, qui fait l’objet de recherches de plus en plus nombreuses, et les agents ciblant les biomarqueurs, qui représentent un paysage en constante évolution dans les cancers digestifs hauts.
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